Magnetic Locators: an inside look

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Magnetic Locators: an inside look

All magnetic locators operate on the same basic principle; two fluxgate magnetometer sensors, securely mounted inside a rigid sensor support tube, measure the local magnetic field. These two-magnetometer sensors are vector sensors. Mounted 20” apart, each measures the average magnetic field component along their sensitive axis, or the magnetic field component along the longitudinal axis of the sensor tube.

To work properly, the magnetometer sensors are aligned opposing so the magnetic field measured by one sensor is the negative of the magnetic field measured by the other. The locator then sums the output of the two sensors and cancels any field common to both, such as the Earth’s Magnetic Field, and leaves only the differential magnetic field.

The differential magnetic field, or the magnetic field detected by one sensor and not the other, is the magnetic field of interest and hopefully represents the magnetic field of your target and not the field of your pocketknife, watch or the steel arch support in your shoes. The drawing on the right shows the construction of a typical magnetic locator and the location of the two sensing elements.

In the field, great performance goes hand-in-hand with proper operation. When searching for survey benchmarks or underground ferrous targets the magnetic locator should be held in vertically or in a near vertical position. In this position the instrument audio output is facing the operator and the controls are readily accessible.

To pinpoint your target, rotate the instrument to the vertical and use and "X" or crossing pattern. The audio output will peak directly over your target. It's that easy!

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